line and staff organization us the positive outcome of both functional and line organization.Line organization is the simple pattern of structure which lacks managerial specialization.And , functional organization creates complexity in operation due to unavailability of defined relationship between superior and subordinates.Line and staff is made is make a balance between unity of command and functional specialization.Under this organization there is a provision of chain of command as in the line organization, beside their is a provision of functional specialist to provide suggestion and guidence to the line manager in important matters.The functional specialist are concerned with giving instruction only and don't have the authority to give instruction to the line manager.So the work ofthe organization are divided into two: line and staff.The staff are responsible for the preparation of plans and line authority are responsible for implementation of plans and policy made by the staff.
"line refers to those position and elements of the organization which have the responsibility and authority and are accountable for the accomplishment of primary objectives.staff means to those element which have responsibility and authority for providing advice and service to the line in attainment of objective."
-Louis A.Allen
Thus line and staff organization is the combination of line and functional organization.This structure is suitable for medium and large scale organization.
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